ASSIGNMENT
CONTENTS
1. Objectives of Teaching English
· Characteristics
of good objectives
· Main
objective of teaching English
· Four-fold
objectives of teaching English
· Abilities
to be developed by four-fold objectives
2. Utilitarian Aim of Teaching English
3. Socio- Cultural Aim of English Language
OBJECTIVES OF TEACHING ENGISH
Effective
tangible changes in pupil’s behavior at the end of schooling is known as
objective. According to the dictionary of education , objective is “ the end
towards which a school sponsored activity is directed”.
According
to Dr. B S Bloom, educational objectives are “ the desired goal or outcome at
which instruction is aimed.”
CHARCHTERISTICS OF GOOD OBJECTIVES
1. These
should be specific and precise.
2. These
should be attainable.
3. These
should be based on psychological principles.
4. These
should be for the development of students
5. These
should be helpful in acquiring democratic aims.
6. These
should be for changing or modifying student’s behavior
7. These
should be tangible in ordinary circumstances
8. These
should be useful
9. These
should be in terms of change expected in the pupil and not as duties of
teacher.
10. Each
statement should have only one objective in it.
Thomson and
Wyatt said that it is necessary that the Indian pupil should not only
understand English when it is spoken or written, but also, he should himself be
able to speak and write it. L.A.C. Strong proclaimed, “for as who speak
English, English is everything… English not a subject. English is our life.” In
most Indian school, English, has been studied as a second language. It is
teaching and learning in schools is inspired by the utilitarian aim. This aim
can be achieved by acquiring practical command over English. A teacher should
be a good planner and he should use innovative techniques and methods for
teaching.
MAIN OBLECTIVES OF TEACHING ENGLISH
These are two main objectives of
teaching English. They are:
1.
Language development, and
2.
Literacy development.
These two
objectives is differs from each other as far as the class and age of students
is concerned.
FOUR-FOLD OBJECTIVES OF TEACHING
ENGLISH
1. Semantic
– It is related to understanding
2. Phonetic-
It deals with sound spelling and pronunciation
3. Graphic
– It is related to writing
4. Phonetic
cum Graphics – It deals with reading.
ABILITIES TO BE DEVELOPED BY
FOUR-FOLD OBJECTIVES
1. To
understand spoken English
It includes
recognition of English sound without committing any errors, ability to draw
meaning from what is heard, ability respond in action as reaction to hearing.
2. Ability
to read English
It includes to
ability to read simple prose, poetry, story, articles with comprehension,
ability to read simple sentences with understanding, ability to read aloud
without losing the chain of thought.
3. Ability
to speak English
It includes the
ability to pronouns with right intention and stress, ability to respond in
speech as reaction to hearing.
4. Ability
to write English
It includes the
ability to form letters, ability spell words, ability to select words and
ability to construct sentences.
Some
Indian people think the students in our country have only passive knowledge of
English. Without proper aim and objectives, we cannot make our efforts fruitful
in English language teaching. Correct and proper objectives would not taught by
any teacher without knowing aims and objectives of teaching English. Hence aims
and objectives play an important role in teaching English language.
UTILITARIAN AIM OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE
A
language is a systematic means of communication by the use of sound or
conventional symbols. A set of linguists who based their assumptions of
language on psychology made claims that language is nothing but ‘habit
formation’. According to them, language is learned through use, through
practice. In their view ‘the more one id=s exposed to the use of language, the
better one learns’.
The
latest and most advanced discoveries and inventions in science and technology
are being made in the universities located in the united states of America
where English language is means of scientific discourse.
The
historic circumstances of India have given the Indians an easy access to
mastering English language, an innumerable opportunity for the advancement in
the field of science and technology. Ove the years, English language has become
one of our principle assets in getting a global leadership in many fields.
English
language comes to our aid in our commercial transaction throughout the globe. English
is the language of latest business management in the world and Indian
proficiency in English are brought laurels to many Indian business managers.
English is a means not only for international commerce; it has becomes
increasingly essential for interstate commerce and communications.
In India people
going from north to south for education or business mostly in English, which
has become a link language. The parliament has also recognized English as an
official language in addition to Hindi. All the fact of history and development
in present day India underlined the continued importance of learning English in
addition to vernaculars. English has thus become an effective means of
promoting Indian view of life, and strengthening our cultural identity in the
world.
SOCIO-CULTURAL AIM OF ENGLISH
LANGUAGE
The
relationship between language and culture is deeply rooted. Different ideas
stem from differing language use within one’s culture and the whole
intertwining of these relationships start at one’s birth. From birth, the child’s
life, opinions, and language are shaped by what it comes in contact with.
Physically and mentally everyone is the same, while the interaction between the
two persons or groups vary widely from place to place. It is from these
differences that one’s view of the world is formed. Therefore, everyone’s view
are dependent on the culture which has influenced them, as well as being
described using the language which has been shaped by that culture.
The
implications of language being completely entwined in culture, in regards for
language teaching is far reaching. Language teachers must instruct their
students on the cultural background of language usage, choose culturally
appropriate teaching styles, and explore culturally based linguistic
differences to promote understanding instead of misconceptions or prejudices.
Teachers
must instruct their students on the cultural background of language usage. If
one teaches language without teaching about the culture which it operates, the
students are learning empty or meaningless symbols or they may attach the
incorrect meaning to what is being taught.
Language
and Culture are inter-wined to such an extent whereas one cannot survive
without the other. It is impossible for one to teach language without culture.
As a teacher of language, one must be culturally aware, considerate of students’
culture, and inform students of cultural differences thus promoting
understanding.
REFERENCE
·
Contemporary English Teaching-
Dr. Ram Nath Sharma
·
English Language Education
Dr. K. Sivarajan
T.V. Ramakrishnan
K. Mridula
·
Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia
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